HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE
A hemodialysis machine is a medical device used to filter waste, excess water and impurities from the blood of people whose kidney is not functioning properly.
The main function of machine hemodialysis is to work as an artificial kidney when the real kidney fails to work. It removes harmful substance and excess fluid from the body.
HOW HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE WORKS:
- Blood is taken from the body through the tube connected to the arm of the patient.
- Blood flows into the hemodialysis machine for filtration.
- Inside the hemodialysis machine, blood passes through a filter called a dialyzed or artificial kidney.
- Dialyzer has a semi-permeable membrane which allows waste product and extra fluid to pass through it, by keeping blood cells and larger molecule in the blood.
- Dialysate flow on the other side of the membrane, to remove waste and excess water.
- Filtered blood then return to body with the help of a tube.
FEATURES OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Blood Pump
It is a pump which is used to take blood from patient body and circulates through the hemodialysis equipment. It controls blood flow rate while treatment.
Dialyzer (Artificial Kidney)
it is an artificial kidney which have semipermeable membrane, which allows waste product and extra fluid to pass through it by keeping blood cell and larger molecules in it.
Dialysate delivery system
This delivers a specific fluid called dialysate to dialyzer. It helps to remove waste and extra fluid from blood, allowing this substance to pass through the membrane into the dialysate.
Heparin Pump
It is a blood thinner which prevent blood clotting during dialysis.
Temperature Control
hemodialysis machine has a system to monitor the temperature to prevent cooling or heating the patient’s blood while treatment.
Air Detection
a Special sensor detects the presence of air in the blood. It stops blood pump to prevent air entering to patient body.
Monitors and Alarms
The machine has various alarms to alert the staff if parameters go up and down.
Disinfection System
Modern machine hemodialysis have built-in system for disinfecting, which clean dialyzer after each treatment.
Data Storage and Reporting
Many hemodialysis machines can store data, which help to monitor the patient’s progress.
TYPES OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Conventional Hemodialysis Machine
These are larger and standard machines mostly used in hospital and clinics, this is not portable. As this are very large, so they need special plumbing and electrical connection. This machine hemodialysis is capable of handling a wide range of treatment and can dialyze multiple patients simultaneously.
Portable and Home Dialysis Machine
These are smaller and more compact, designed to be easily used at home. They are lightweight and can be operated by using standard electrical outlets. Home hemodialysis equipment machines allows patient to get treatment in the comfort of their home.
BENEFITS OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Waste Removal
hemodialysis machine filter wastes, salts and fluid from blood.
Blood Pressure control
Treatment helps to control the blood level, which is very crucial for the patient with kidney issues.
Mineral Balance
It balances minerals in blood, like potassium, sodium and calcium which is important for proper body function.
Symptom Alleviation
By removing waste products, excess fluids and toxin, hemodialysis can alleviate symptoms associated with kidney failure, improving well-being.
Extended Life
Hemodialysis can improve your health and make you feel better, although it is not as cure for kidney failure.
Flexibility and independence
For those who choose home hemodialysis equipment, have more flexibility to choose a convenient time to dialyze.
USES OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Treatment for kidney failure
The main use of machine hemodialysis is to treat people whose kidney is failed or not functioning properly. It acts as artificial kidney which filter waste product, excess water and impurities from blood when real kidney can’t do it.
Removal of waste products
It helps remove waste product like Urea, creatinine and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys are not in proper functioning. This waste product is harmful if not extracted from blood.
Maintenance of fluid balance
Machines are used to remove excess water and maintain proper fluid balance in the body. It is important as extra fluid can lead to swelling, high blood pressure and strain on the heart and lungs.
Regulation of Electrolytes
It regulates electrolytes like Sodium, potassium and calcium in the blood. Imbalance of these electrolytes can cause various complications.
RISK OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Low Blood Pressure
Removal of fluids can sometimes cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness, light headless or even fainting.
Muscle Cramps
Change in fluid and electrolytes level during dialysis can cause painful muscle cramps, especially in legs.
Nausea and Vomiting
Some patient may feel nausea or vomiting during or after dialysis.
Headaches
It occurs as a result of fluid and electrolyte imbalance or changes in blood pressure.
Fatigue
Dialysis treatment can leave patients feeling drained or exhausted.
Infection Risk and prevention
Hemodialysis involves accessing the blood stream, there is a risk of getting infection.
HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL:
Regular testing and maintenance of hemodialysis machine are very important for their proper functioning and accuracy.
- Calibrating various sensors and monitors.
- Testing performance of components like blood pump and dialysate delivery system.
- Check for any leaks, cracks or wear and tear in tubing parts.
- Performing safety checks on electrical systems.
- Maintaining scheduled maintenance routines recommended by manufacturers.
COST OF HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE:
Cost of machine hemodialysis in India vary depending on Manufacturers, Model and Features.
New machine
New conventional hemodialysis machine cost is around Rs. 8,00,000 to Rs. 20,00,000.
Some lower hemodialysis machine price may be available for Rs. 4,00,000 to Rs. 8,00,000.
Portable or Home hemodialysis equipment, which are smaller and designed to be use by a single person. This home hemodialysis machine cost is around Rs. 3,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000.
BRAND:
It is one of the largest providers of dialysis products. Some of their hemodialysis machine models include 2008 series, 4008 series,5008 series and 6008 series.
Baxter
It is another leading company in the dialysis market. This offers Artist and Theranova lines.
It is a Japanese company that manufactures a range of dialysis product. Its models are Surdial X and Surdial Rev models.
It is a German brand. It offers hemodialysis machine like the Dialog+ and dialog IQ series.
Nikkiso
It is a Japanese company specialized in medical equipment. Its machine includes DBB-EXA and DBB-03 Models.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:
Q. How does a hemodialysis machine work?
Ans. It filters waste, excess water and impurities from blood by circulating it through a dialyzed.
Q. How often is hemodialysis treatment needed?
Ans. Most patient require treatment three times a week.
Q. What are the types of hemodialysis machine?
Ans. The main type is Conventional (Larger Machine), Portable (Smaller for home use) and acute (temporary).
Q. How long do hemodialysis machines last?
Ans. With proper maintenance, it can last for several years, like 5-10 years or more.
Q. What safety features do hemodialysis machine have?
Ans. Common safety feature is Air detection system, Blood leak detector, temperature monitors, alarms for blood pressure and other critical parameters.
Q. Can Hemodialysis machine have used at homes?
Ans. Yes, portable home hemodialysis equipment is designed for home use.
